The Ground Rules of Fiscal Policy

The Ground Rules The way fiscal policy works is with the following ground rules: (i) Interest rates cannot be significantly lower than inflation in a stable economy unless the bank works to limit or choke the money supply. Constraining credit or money supply is never good for an economy. But why can’t interest rates beContinue reading “The Ground Rules of Fiscal Policy”

The Valuation Game 101

The Valuation Game Read the valuation formula post for a more concise treatement using equations. But conceptually, the below should be the same. Without further ado, A company’s share price appreciation comes from three sources: (i) Lower expected rate of return for the same earnings. A 100$ recurring consistent quarterly earning is worth only $10,000Continue reading “The Valuation Game 101”

Rise of Index Funds & the Legend of Bogle

After the passing of Jack Bogle in 2019, the legendary founder of Vanguard index funds, it only seems fitting to address this topic here. The dual prongs of compounded costs in investing and the low chance of beating the market are the true merits of the index fund. An index fund does not seek toContinue reading “Rise of Index Funds & the Legend of Bogle”

What is the Stock Market 101

The very initial phase I like to start a blog post with the very fundamentals because the simpler your ideas, the easier it is to get started. Feel free to skip down lower if this is too obvious. So what are shares and what do companies do? Companies make money by engaging in business activitiesContinue reading “What is the Stock Market 101”

Hamilton’s Quaternions

Quaternions are generalized complex numbers that enable rotations in 3D rather than in just a complex plane. The complex number i is replaced by a general vector v which can be expressed in a 3D orthogonal basis i,j,k. The rules are defined as ijk=-1 and any basis squared is also minus one, like ordinary complexContinue reading “Hamilton’s Quaternions”

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